The Ancient Celts 2nd Edition by Barry Cunliffe 0191067228 9780191067228

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ISBN-10 :  0191067228 

ISBN-13 :  9780191067228

Author : Barry Cunliffe 

Fierce warriors and skilled craftsmen, the Celts were famous throughout the Ancient Mediterranean World. They were the archetypal barbarians from the north and were feared by both Greeks and Romans. For two and a half thousand years they have continued to fascinate those who have come into contact with them, yet their origins have remained a mystery and even today are the subject of heated debate among historians and archaeologists. Barry Cunliffe’s classic study of the ancient Celtic world was first published in 1997. Since then huge advances have taken place in our knowledge: new finds, new ways of using DNA records to understand Celtic origins, new ideas about the proto-urban nature of early chieftains’ strongholds, All these developments are part of this fully updated , and completely redesigned edition. Cunliffe explores the archaeological reality of these bold warriors and skilled craftsmen of barbarian Europe who inspired fear in both the Greeks and the Romans. He investigates the texts of the classical writers and contrasts their view of the Celts with current archaeological findings. Tracing the emergence of chiefdoms and the fifth- to third-century migrations as far as Bosnia and the Czech Republic, he assesses the disparity between the traditional story and the most recent historical and archaeological evidence on the Celts. Other aspects of Celtic identity such as the cultural diversity of the tribes, their social and religious systems, art, language and law, are also examined. From the picture that emerges, we are — crucially — able to distinguish between the original Celts, and those tribes which were ‘Celtized’, giving us an invaluable insight into the true identity of this ancient people.

The Ancient Celts 2nd Table of contents:

1 Visions of the Celts
Classical Sources and Archaeology
The Graeco-Roman Vision
Oblivion and Awakening: c.1500–1700
Celtomania and Nationalism: c.1700–1870
The Contribution of Archaeology: 1870–1970
Celts at the End of the Century
Celts in the New Millennium
2 Constructing the Historical Celts
The Celtic Language
The Insular Tradition of Vernacular Literature
Archaeology
Celtic Art
Celtic Culture
3 In the Beginning: 5500–1300 bc
The Arrival of the Indo-European Languages
The Atlantic Community
People from the Steppe
Is there a Compromise?
4 The Atlantic System: 1300–200 bc
People from the East: Enter the Phoenicians
Iberia: The Atlantic and Mediterranean Interfaces
The Celtiberians
The Celtic Language in Iberia
The North-western Atlantic Zone: 1000–500 bc
The Celts and the Celtic Language in the North Part of the Atlantic Zone
5 West Central Europe and the Mediterranean: 1300–450 bc
The Aegean World: Before 1000 bc
The Re-Formation: 1000–800 bc
The Foundation of the New Order: 800–650 bc
The Western Mediterranean: 650–450 bc
The Hallstatt World: 800–450 bc
New Centres of Power: The La Tène Elite, 450/440–380/370 bc
6 The Migrations: 450–50 bc
The Graeco-Roman Tradition
A Prelude to the Migration of 400 bc?
The Initial Settlement: c.400 bc
The Celtic Homeland at the Time of the Migrations
The Celts in Italy: 400–180 bc
The Danube Corridor in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries
The Celts in the Balkans and Greece in the Fourth and Third Centuries
The Celts in Asia Minor, Third Century bc to Fourth Century ad
The North Pontic Regions in the Fourth and Third Centuries
European Celts in the Third and Second Centuries
The Mechanisms of Movement
7 The Communities of the Atlantic Façade
The Beginning of Mediterranean Interest in the Far West
The Westward Expansion of La Tène Culture
Meanwhile in Iberia
Communities of the Outer Atlantic Zone
The Communities of Eastern and Central Britain
The Communities of South-western Gaul and Western Iberia
8 Celts and Others on the Eastern Fringes
Eastern Europe before the Celts
Asia Minor before the Celts
Celtic Settlement in Thrace
Celts in the Pontic Region
The Galatians
The Celts in Egypt
9 Warfare and Society
The Warrior and his Equipment
The Battle
The Feast
The Social Hierarchy
10 The Arts of the Migration Period
Materials and Methods
The Origins of Aristocratic Art
Celtic Art in the Fourth Century: Influences from the Po Valley
Developments in the Third and Second Centuries
The Impact of Scythians and Thracians
The Art of the Sculptor
Ceramic Art
The Art of the Die Engraver
The Broader Context
11 Religious Systems
The Nature of the Celtic Gods
Seasons and Festivals
Humans and the Gods
Groves, Springs, and Shrines
Attitudes to Death
12 The Developed Celtic World
The Extension of Roman Power: 200–60 bc
The Roman Economy and the Celtic World
Romans and the Society of the Celtic Periphery
The Dacians and the Germans
Intensification, Production, and the Emergence of Oppida
Social Organization: Power and Prestige
13 The Celts in Retreat
Celtiberians and the Classical World
The Unstable Equilibrium: 133–60 bc
The Conquest of Gaul: 60–50 bc
Consolidation and Expansion: 50 bc–ad 10
Romanization and Rebellion: ad 10–40
Into Britain: ad 40–100
The Free Celts: Ireland in the First Century ad
14 Celtic Survival
Celts under the Romans: First Century bc to Fourth Century ad
Ethnic Readjustments in the Fourth to Sixth Centuries
The Celtic Communities of the Middle Ages and After
15 Retrospect
A Guide to Further Reading
General Books
More Specialist Works
Chapter 1 Visions of the Celts
Chapter 2 Constructing the Historical Celts
Chapter 3 In the Beginning: 5500–1300 bc
Chapter 4 The Atlantic System: 1300–200 bc
Chapter 5 West Central Europe and the Mediterranean: 1300–450 bc
Chapter 6 The Migrations: 450–50 bc
Chapter 7 The Communities of the Atlantic Façade
Chapter 8 Celts and Others on the Eastern Fringes
Chapter 9 Warfare and Society
Chapter 10 The Arts of the Migration Period
Chapter 11 Religious Systems
Chapter 12 The Developed Celtic World
Chapter 13 The Celts in Retreat
Chapter 14 Celtic Survival

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