American Government and Politics Today Brief 11th Edition by Steffen Schmidt 8214337395 9798214337395

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ISBN-10 :  8214337395 

ISBN-13 :  9798214337395

Author :  Steffen W. Schmidt 

Issues like COVID-19, Black Lives Matter, police brutality, massive unemployment, trade wars and cyberattacks add to the complexity of the U.S. political system. Schmidt/Shelley/Bardes’ AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS TODAY, BRIEF, 11th edition, helps you make sense of it all while learning to be an informed citizen and active participant in the political process. A colorful, engaging design, up-to-date political news and analysis, and affordable price make this an ideal resource to explain the key aspects of the U.S. government and its fascinating political system and how they impact your life — now and in the future. Extremely reader-friendly, the book has been praised for its brevity, balanced coverage and clarity.

American Government and Politics Today Brief 11th Table of contents:

Part I. The American System
1. The Democratic Republic
Politics and Government
Why Is Government Necessary?
Limiting Government Power
Authority and Legitimacy
Democracy and Other Forms of Government
Types of Government
Direct Democracy as a Model
The Dangers of Direct Democracy
A Democratic Republic
What Kind of Democracy Do We Have?
Democracy for Everyone
Democracy for the Few
Democracy for Groups
Fundamental Values
Liberty Versus Order
Liberty Versus Equality
The Proper Role and Size of Government
Political Ideologies
Conservatism
Liberalism
The Traditional Political Spectrum
Problems With the Traditional Political Spectrum
A Four-Cornered Ideological Grid
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
2. Forging a New Government: The Constitution
The Colonial Background
Separatists, the Mayflower, and the Compact
More Colonies, More Government
British Restrictions and Colonial Grievances
The First Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress
An Independent Confederation
The Resolution for Independence
July 4, 1776—The Declaration of Independence
The Rise of Republicanism
The Articles of Confederation: Our First Form of Government
The Constitutional Convention
Factions Among the Delegates
Politicking and Compromises
Working Toward Final Agreement
The Final Document
The Difficult Road to Ratification
The Federalists Push for Ratification
The March to the Finish
The Bill of Rights
Altering the Constitution
The Formal Amendment Process
Informal Methods of Constitutional Change
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
3. Federalism
Federalism and Its Alternatives
A Unitary System
A Confederal System
A Federal System
Why Federalism?
Arguments Against Federalism
The Constitutional Basis for American Federalism
Powers of the National Government
Powers of the State Governments
Prohibited Powers
Concurrent Powers
The Supremacy Clause
Interstate Relations
Defining Constitutional Powers—The Early Years
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
States’ Rights and the Resort to Civil War
The Continuing Dispute Over the Division of Power
Dual Federalism
The New Deal and Cooperative Federalism
The Politics of Federalism
Methods of Implementing Cooperative Federalism
Federalism and Today’s Supreme Court
A Trend Toward States’ Rights
Recent Decisions
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
4. Civil Liberties
The Constitutional Bases of Our Liberties
Protections Listed in the Original Constitution
Extending the Bill of Rights to State Governments
Incorporation Under the Fourteenth Amendment
Freedom of Religion
The Separation of Church and State—The Establishment Clause
The Free Exercise Clause
Freedom of Expression
No Prior Restraint
The Protection of Symbolic Speech
The Protection of Commercial Speech
Attempts to Ban Subversive or Advocacy Speech
The Eclipse of Obscenity as a Legal Category
Unprotected Speech: Slander
Student Speech
Freedom of the Press
The Right to Privacy
Privacy Rights and Abortion
Privacy Rights and the “Right to Die”
The Great Balancing Act: The Rights of the Accused Versus the Rights of Society
Rights of the Accused
Extending the Rights of the Accused
The Exclusionary Rule
Civil Liberties Versus Security Issues
Subsequent Revelations of NSA Activity
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
5. Civil Rights
The African American Experience and the Civil Rights Movement
Ending Servitude
The Ineffectiveness of the Early Civil Rights Laws
The End of the Separate-but-Equal Doctrine
De Jure and De Facto Segregation
The Civil Rights Movement
Modern Civil Rights Legislation
Civil Rights and the Courts
Standards for Judicial Review
The Supreme Court Addresses Affirmative Action
Experiences of Other Minority Groups
Latinos and the Immigration Issue
National Security and the Rights of Immigrants
The Agony of the American Indian
Women’s Struggle for Equal Rights
Early Women’s Political Movements
The Modern Women’s Movement
Women in Politics Today
Gender-Based Discrimination in the Workplace
The Rights and Status of LGBTQ Americans
Growth in the Gay Male and Lesbian Rights Movement
State and Local Laws Targeting LGBTQ Persons
“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”
Same-Sex Marriage
The Rights of Transgender Individuals
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
Part II. The Politics of American Democracy
6. Public Opinion, Political Socialization, and the Media
Public Opinion and Political Socialization
Consensus and Divided Opinion
Forming Public Opinion: Political Socialization
The Media and Public Opinion
Political Events and Public Opinion
The Influence of Demographic Factors
Educational Achievement
Economic Status
Religious Denomination
Religious Commitment and Beliefs
Race and Ethnicity
The Hispanic Vote
The Gender Gap
Geographic Region
Measuring Public Opinion
The History of Opinion Polls
Sampling Techniques
The Difficulty of Obtaining Accurate Results
Additional Problems With Polls
Public Opinion and the Political Process
Political Culture and Public Opinion
Policymaking and Public Opinion
The Media in the United States
The Roles of the Media
Television Versus the New Media
Challenges Facing the Media
The Media and Political Campaigns
Political Advertising
Management of News Coverage
Going for the Knockout Punch—Presidential Debates
Political Campaigns and the Internet
Blogosphere Politics
Bias in the Media
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
7. Interest Groups and Political Parties
A Nation of Joiners
Thousands of Groups
Interest Groups and Social Movements
Reasons to Join—or Not Join
Types of Interest Groups
Economic Interest Groups
Environmental Interest Groups
Public-Interest Groups
Additional Types of Interest Groups
Interest Group Strategies
Direct Techniques
Indirect Techniques
Regulating Lobbyists
Political Parties in the United States
Functions of Political Parties in the United States
The Party Organization
The Party-in-the-Electorate
The Party-in-Government
A History of Political Parties in the United States
The Formative Years: Federalists and Anti-Federalists
Democrats and Whigs
The Civil War Crisis
The Post–Civil War Period
The Progressive Interlude
The New Deal Era
An Era of Divided Government
The Parties Today
Why Has the Two-Party System Endured?
The Historical Foundations of the Two-Party System
Political Socialization and Practical Considerations
The Winner-Take-All Electoral System
State and Federal Laws Favoring the Two Parties
The Role of Minor Parties in U.S. Politics
The Rise of the Independents
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
8. Campaigns and Elections
The Twenty-First-Century Campaign
Who Is Eligible?
Who Runs?
Managing the Campaign
Financing the Campaign
The Evolution of the Campaign Finance System
The Current Campaign Finance Environment
Running for President: The Longest Campaign
Reforming the Presidential Primaries
The Invisible Primary
The Party Decides
Primaries and Caucuses
Front-Loading the Primaries
On to the National Convention
The Electoral College
How Are Elections Conducted?
Voting by Mail
Voting Fraud and Voter ID Laws
Turning Out to Vote
Legal Restrictions on Voting
Is the Franchise Still Too Restrictive?
How Do Voters Decide?
Party Identification
Other Political Factors
Demographic Characteristics
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
Part III. Institutions of American Government
9. Congress
The Nature and Functions of Congress
Bicameralism
The Lawmaking Function
The Representation Function
Service to Constituents
The Oversight Function
The Public-Education Function
The Conflict-Resolution Function
The Powers of Congress
House-Senate Differences and Congressional Perks
Size and Rules
Debate and Filibustering
Congresspersons and the Citizenry: A Comparison
Perks and Privileges
Congressional Elections and Apportionment
Candidates for Congressional Elections
Apportionment of the House
Gerrymandering
“Minority-Majority” Districts
How Congress Is Organized
The Power of Committees
Committees Versus the Leadership
Types of Congressional Committees
The Selection of Committee Members
Leadership in the House
Leadership in the Senate
Lawmaking and Budgeting
How Much Will the Government Spend?
Preparing the Budget
Congress Faces the Budget
Budget Resolutions and Crises
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
10. The President
Who Can Become President?
Birthplace and Age
The Process of Becoming President
The Many Roles of the President
Head of State
Chief Executive
Commander in Chief
Chief Diplomat
Chief Legislator
Party Chief and Politician
Presidential Powers
Emergency Powers
Executive Orders
Executive Privilege
Signing Statements
Abuses of Executive Power and Impeachment
The Executive Organization
The Cabinet
The Executive Office of the President
The Vice President
The Vice President’s Job
Presidential Succession
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
11. The Executive Branch
The Nature and Scope of the Federal Bureaucracy
Public and Private Bureaucracies
The Size of the Bureaucracy
The Federal Budget
The Organization of the Executive Branch
Cabinet Departments
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government and Government-Controlled Corporations
Staffing the Bureaucracy
Political Appointees
History of the Federal Civil Service
Modern Attempts at Bureaucratic Reform
Sunshine Laws Before and After 9/11
Privatization, or Contracting Out
The Issue of Whistleblowers
Bureaucrats as Politicians and Policymakers
The Rulemaking Environment
Negotiated Rulemaking
Bureaucrats as Policymakers
Congressional Control of the Bureaucracy
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
12. The Courts
Sources of American Law
The Common Law Tradition
Constitutions
Statutes and Administrative Regulations
Case Law
The Federal Court System
Basic Judicial Requirements
Parties to Lawsuits
Procedural Rules
Types of Federal Courts
Federal Courts and the War on Terrorism
The Supreme Court at Work
Which Cases Reach the Supreme Court?
Court Procedures
Decisions and Opinions
The Selection of Federal Judges
Judicial Appointments
Partisanship and Judicial Appointments
The Senate’s Role
Policymaking and the Courts
Judicial Review
Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint
The Roberts Court
What Checks Our Courts?
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
13. Domestic and Economic Policy
The Policymaking Process: The CARES Act
The CARES Act: Agenda Building
The CARES Act: Policy Formulation
The CARES Act: Policy Adoption
The CARES Act: Policy Implementation
The CARES Act: Policy Evaluation
Health Care in the Twenty-first Century
Health Care’s Role in the American Economy
The Affordable Care Act—Obamacare
Energy and the Environment
Energy Independence—A Strategic Issue
Climate Change
The Politics of Economic Decision Making
Good Times, Bad Times
Fiscal Policy
The Public Debt and Deficit Spending
Monetary Policy
The Politics of Taxation
Federal Income Tax Rates
Income Tax Loopholes and Other Types of Taxes
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
14. Foreign Policy
Facing the World: Foreign and Defense Policies
Aspects of Foreign Policy
Idealism Versus Realism in Foreign Policy
Terrorism and Warfare
The Emergence of Terrorism
Wars in Iraq
Afghanistan
The Civil War in Syria and the Rise of ISIS
U.S. Diplomatic Efforts
Nuclear Weapons
Israel and the Palestinians
The New Power: China
Economic Troubles in Europe
Who Makes Foreign Policy?
Constitutional Powers of the President
The Executive Branch and Foreign Policymaking
Congress Balances the Presidency
The Major Foreign Policy Themes
The Formative Years: Avoiding Entanglements
The Era of Internationalism
Superpower Relations
Key Terms
Chapter Summary
Test Yourself
Essay Questions
The Declaration of Independence
The Constitution of the United States
Federalist Paper No. 10
Federalist Paper No. 51
Federalist Paper No. 78
Justices of the United States Supreme Court since 1900
Party Control of Congress since 1904
Presidents of the United States
Government Spending and Revenue Charts
Post-Election Update

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