(Ebook PDF) Critical Heart Disease in Infants and Children 3rd Edition by Ross Ungerleider, Kristen Nelson, Jon Meliones, Michael Quartermain, Jeffrey Jacobs 0323550975 9780323550970 full chapters

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ISBN-10 :  0323550975

ISBN-13 :  9780323550970

Author: Ross M. Ungerleider, Kristen Nelson, Jon Meliones, Michael Quartermain, Jeffrey Jacobs

Critical Heart Disease in Infants and Children

Critical Heart Disease in Infants and Children 3rd Table of contents:

Part I Systems-Based Intensive Care Unit
1 Whole Brain Leadership for Creating Resonant Multidisciplinary Teams
Abstract
Whole Brain Leadership
References
2 Optimizing Care Delivery
Abstract
Quality Improvement/Performance Improvement
Identifying Targets for Improvement
Measurement/Metrics
Improving Care
Team Structure and Dynamics
Monitoring Quality at a Unit and Organizational Level: The Balanced Scorecard
Benchmarking and Collaboration
Conclusion
References
3 Streaming Analytics in Pediatric Cardiac Care
Abstract
Overview of Real-Time Data Analytics
Streaming Analytics
Development of a Real-Time Analytics Platform in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Visual Analytics and Data Visualization
Final Comments
References
4 How to Interpret and Use Outcome Data
Abstract:
Relationship Between Structure, Process, and Outcome
Case-Mix Adjustment
Utility of Benchmarking: National Quality Initiatives
Deconstructing Outcomes Data: Pitfalls and Caveats
Public Reporting
Unintended Consequences
Conclusion
References
5 Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Model
Abstract
Patient Population
Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Care Model
Cardiac Step-Down and Intermediate Care Units
Conclusion
References
6 Selection, Training, and Mentoring
Abstract
History of the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Curriculum and Trainee Assessment
Board Certification
Recruitment
Mentorship
Conclusion
References
7 Critical Care Databases and Quality Collaboratives
Abstract
Measuring Outcome and Quality of Critical Care
Key Components of Effective Cardiac Critical Care Databases
Existing Critical Care Databases
Quality Collaboratives in Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care
Conclusion
References
8 Improving Safety
Abstract
Embedding a Culture of Safety Into Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care
Specific Safety Issues for the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Patient: Team Performance, Surgical Handoff, and Nosocomial Infections
Conclusion
References
9 Decision Making and Ethics
Abstract
Ethics
Age and Cognitive Development
Physician Burnout
Social and Cognitive Bias and Unconscious Bias
References
10 Advanced Nursing Practice in Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care
Abstract
Nursing Roles in Cardiac Critical Care
Development of Advanced Pediatric Cardiovascular Curriculum
Nurse’s Role in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Hemodynamic Monitoring: Evaluation of Oxygen Delivery
Postoperative Problems
Psychosocial Impact of Congenital Heart Disease in the Child
Family-Centered Care
Development of a PCICU Advanced Practice Provider Service
Conclusion
References
11 Family Needs and Expectations
Abstract
Family-Centered Care
Transparency of Information Sharing
Conclusion
References
Part II Basics
12 Simplified Guide to Understanding the Anatomy of Congenital Heart Disease
Abstract
Sequential Segmental Approach
Congenital Heart Defects With Dominant Left-to-Right Shunt
Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Obstructive Congenital Heart Defects
Complex Congenital Heart Defects
Conclusion
References
13 Cardiovascular Physiology for Intensivists
Abstract
Hemodynamic Principles
Cardiac Pump
Cardiac Cycle
Determinants of Cardiac Output
Cardiopulmonary Interactions
Right–Left Heart Interactions
Conclusion
References
14 Respiratory Physiology for Intensivists
Abstract
Distribution of Ventilation
Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow
Physiology of Gas and Fluid Exchange
Developmental Considerations
Alterations in Respiratory Physiology Secondary to Congenital Heart Disease
Postoperative Effects on Respiratory System
Special Cardiopulmonary Considerations Unique to the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit
Long-Term Lung Function in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
Conclusion
References
15 Organ System Response to Cardiac Function—Splanchnic
Abstract
Basic Principles of the Splanchnic Circulation
Effects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on the Splanchnic Circulation
Clinical Conditions
Summary
References
16 Organ System Response to Cardiac Function—Renal
Abstract
Vasomotor Balance in the Kidney
Cardiorenal Interactions
Acute Kidney Injury
Fluid Overload
Renal Pharmacology
Renal Replacement Therapy
Conclusion and Future Directions
References
17 Organ System Response to Cardiac Function—Neurology
Abstract
Physiology of the Cerebral Vasculature
Causes of Impaired Neurodevelopment in Congenital Heart Disease Outside the Perioperative Period
Perioperative Neurologic Injury
Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease
Summary
References
18 Endocrine Function in Critical Heart Disease
Abstract
Glycemic Control After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Thyroid Disease and Thyroid Hormone Therapy After Cardiac Surgery
Calcium Homeostasis and Hypocalcemia in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Critical Illness–Related Corticosteroid Insufficiency and Steroid Replacement Therapy
Adrenal Insufficiency
Steroid Therapy in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Conclusion
References
19 Pharmacology of Cardiovascular Drugs
Abstract
Autonomic Control of the Cardiovascular System
Inotropic Drugs
Beta-Blockade
Vasodilation
Vasoconstrictors
Diuretics
Pharmacology in Children on Extracorporeal Support
Conclusion
References
Part III Special Considerations
20 Anesthesia and Sedation for Pediatric Heart Disease
Abstract
Anesthesia Risk for Children With Congenital Heart Disease
Preoperative Management
Intraoperative Management
Specific Anesthetic Considerations
Anesthesia for Cases Other Than Open and Closed Cardiac Procedures
Conclusion
References
21 Sedation, Sleep, Delirium, and Rehabilitation
Abstract
Pain and Sedation Management in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Analgesia
Sedation
Delirium in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Sleep Promotion and Acute Rehabilitation in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Conclusion
References
22 Monitoring Systems
Abstract
Noninvasive Monitoring
Invasive Monitoring
Capnometry
Echocardiography
Biochemical Assessment
Advanced Monitoring Systems
References
23 Ventilators and Ventilator Strategies
Abstract
Respiratory Support
Cardiorespiratory Interactions
Respiratory Support for Children With Heart Disease: a Systematic Approach
Conclusion
References
24 Coagulation Disorders in Congenital Heart Disease
Abstract
Hemostasis: Cell-Based Coagulation
Developmental Changes in Hemostasis
Tests of Coagulation
Tests of Platelet Function
Tests of Fibrinolysis
Thromboelastography and Thromboelastometry
Hemostasis and Coagulation in Congenital Heart Disease
Anticoagulation Medications
Thrombosis in Pediatric Cardiac Disease and Use of Anticoagulation
Perioperative Discontinuation of Anticoagulants
Hemostatic Alterations Caused by Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Hematologic Management During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children
Diagnosis and Management of Bleeding After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Infants and Children
Pharmacologic Methods to Reduce Bleeding
Hematologic Alterations on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Anticoagulation on ECMO
Ventricular Assist Device–Associated Coagulation Abnormalities
Summary
References
25 Blood Utilization and Conservation
Abstract
Preoperative
Intraoperative
Special Considerations
Conclusion
References
26 Nutrition and Metabolism in the Critically Ill Child With Cardiac Disease
Abstract
Nutritional Deficiency as a Cause of Heart Disease
Multifactorial Nutritional Syndromes in Children With Critical Heart Disease
Nutritional Assessment
Nutritional Management of the Cardiac Surgical Patient
Nutritional Support Techniques
Oral Feeding, Swallowing, and Dysphagia in the Child With Congenital Heart Disease
Management of Dysfunctional Swallowing
Conclusion
References
27 Arrhythmias and Pacing
Abstract
Normal Cardiac Rhythm
Mechanisms of Arrhythmia
Electrocardiographic Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit
Common Intensive Care Unit Rhythm Issues and Their Management
Clinical Entities Frequently Associated With Arrhythmias
Pacing in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
References
28 Inflammatory Heart Disease
Abstract
Inflammatory Heart Disease—Pericardial Effusion/Tamponade
Inflammatory Heart Disease—Pericarditis
Inflammatory Heart Disease—Myocarditis
Summary
References
29 Fetus With Critical Heart Disease—Bridging to Birth
Abstract
Ultrasound Screening for Congenital Cardiac Defects
Care of the Fetus/Neonate With Critical Cardiac Defects
Neonatal Resuscitation Program and the Critical Congenital Heart Defect Screen
Levels of Newborn Care
Unknown Cardiac Defect Preparation
Known Cardiac Defect Preparation
Support for Lower Levels of Newborn Care—Undiagnosed Cardiac Defects
Fetal Arrhythmias
Monitoring
Level IV Tertiary Care Centers—Known Cardiac Defects
Cardiac Defects
Summary
Selected Readings
30 Low Birth Weight and Other High-Risk Conditions
Abstract
Immature Organ Systems
Other Immature Organ Systems
Low Birth Weight, Very Low Birth Weight, and Prematurity
Treatment Options in Low-Birth-Weight or Very Low-Birth-Weight Neonates With Congenital Heart Disease
Medical Therapy
Effects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Neonates
Palliative Surgery
When to Delay Surgery
Cardiac Surgery at Low Birth Weight and Very Low Birth Weight
Other High-Risk Conditions
Conclusion
References
31 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in Children With Heart Disease
Abstract
Risk Factors
Overview of Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Drug Therapy
Special Considerations for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Patients With Underlying Cardiac Disease
Monitoring Effectiveness of Resuscitation During Cardiac Arrest
Mechanical Support—Extracorporeal Life Support and Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Post Cardiac Arrest
Prognostication Post Arrest
Conclusion
References
32 Pediatric General Surgeon and Critically Ill Cardiac Patient
Abstract
Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Malrotation
Other Congenital Pediatric Surgical Conditions
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Vascular Access
Feeding Dysfunction
Summary
References
33 Management of Common Postoperative Complications and Conditions
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Neonates, Infants, and Children—Impact on Postoperative Care
Postoperative Cardiac Dysfunction—Pathophysiology
Hemodynamic Monitoring in the Postoperative Period
Postoperative Cardiac Dysfunction—Medical Management
Management of the Shunt-Dependent Single-Ventricle Patient
Shunt Malfunction
Cardiopulmonary Interactions in the Postoperative Period
Extubation Failure
Pleural and Pericardial Diseases
Pulmonary Hypertension
Arrhythmias
Central Nervous System Injuries
Acute Kidney Injury and Fluid Management
Gastrointestinal Complications and Postoperative Nutrition
Pain Management and Sedation
Infectious Complications
Hemostatic Complications
Quality Improvement Initiatives in Postoperative Care
Conclusion
References
Part IV Basics of Diagnostics and Clinical Care
34 Echocardiography in the Critically Ill Pediatric Patient
Abstract
Physical Principles
Elements of the Transthoracic Echocardiogram
General Applications of Echocardiography in the Intensive Care Unit
Echocardiographic Guidance of Procedures in the Intensive Care Unit
Echocardiography and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Echocardiography and Ventricular Assist Devices
Transesophageal and Intraoperative Echocardiography
Summary
References
35 Bedside Ultrasonography in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Abstract
Vascular Access
Cardiac
Lung
Abdomen
References
36 Imaging Modalities—Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography
Abstract
Defining Imaging Modalities
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Computed Tomography
References
37 Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
Abstract
Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization
Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization
Safety Considerations
Conclusion
References
38 Biomarkers in Care of Congenital Heart Disease Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
Abstract
Cardiac Function/Failure Biomarkers
Other Biomarkers
Key Points and Conclusion
References
39 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Abstract
General Indications and Contraindications
Physiology of Blood Flow and Oxygenation During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Equipment
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation and Initial Management
Critical Care Management During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support
Weaning From Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Cost
Outcomes
References
40 Ventricular Assist Device Therapy
Abstract
History and Current State of Ventricular Assist Device Support
Pediatric Heart Failure
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Other Temporary/Short-Term Ventricular Assist Devices
Durable Ventricular Assist Devices—Device Selection, Anatomic Considerations, Special Circumstances
Early Postoperative Management of Ventricular Assist Device Support
Anticoagulation
Complications of Ventricular Assist Device Support
The Future
Ventricular Assist Device Weaning
Conclusion
References
41 Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Neonates and Infants
Basic Cardiopulmonary Bypass Terms, Conditions, and Strategies
Postoperative Low Cardiac Output Syndrome
Preoperative and Intraoperative Strategies
Postoperative Strategies
Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury and Fluid Management
Hemostasis and Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Pulmonary Dysfunction
Neurologic Injury
Hematocrit During Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Monitoring During Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Postoperative Electroencephalography
Conclusion
References
42 Initial Management and Stabilization
Abstract
Goals of Management
Presentation
Initial Stabilization and Management
Transport
Summary
References
Part V Defects
43 Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Abstract
Fetal Circulation
Mechanism of Spontaneous Closure
Anatomy and Embryology
Risk Factors
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Management of the Patient With Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Open Surgical Approach
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
Surgical Complications
Transcatheter Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure
Conclusion
References
44 Vascular Rings and Pulmonary Artery Sling
Abstract
Clinical Background
Prevalence and Associations
Embryology
Presentation and Diagnosis
Specific Anatomic Variations of Vascular Rings
Principles of Surgical Repair of Vascular Rings
Pulmonary Artery Sling
Innominate Artery Compression
Tracheomalacia
Conclusion
References
45 Coarctation of the Aorta
Abstract
Anatomy, Embryology, and Classification Systems
Associated Defects
Newborns and Infants
Older Children and Adolescents
Conclusion
References

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