Definition and Dispute A Defense of Temporal Externalism 1st Edition Derek Ball 019890620X 9780198906209

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ISBN-10 : 019890620X 

ISBN-13 : 9780198906209

Author : Derek Ball 

Many of our deepest disagreements turn in part on matters of definition. Philosophers have long discussed the definitions of knowledge, art, truth, and freedom, and social and political questions about personhood, health and disease, marriage and gender are also commonly thought of as turning in part on definitions. This book contributes to our understanding of how we engage with questions and disagreements of this kind. It argues that disputes about matters of definition are not just about the meanings of words or our concepts, and they do not typically involve change of meaning. Instead, it develops a conception of definition on which engaging in an investigation or a discussion helps determine the meanings of our words without changing them; what is determined is the meaning our words had all along. This temporal externalist view – that what happens at the end of our investigation or discussion can play a role in determining what we meant and thought throughout – puts us in a position to see why typical ways we engage with questions of definition make sense, and are not confused or in need of revision. The book develops this style of view in unprecedented detail, and shows how it helps make sense not only of definitional disputes, but also of disagreements about matters of taste (such as discussions of whether a particular food is delicious, or a certain film is funny). The book also offers powerful new criticisms of currently popular philosophical claims: that disputes about definition should typically be understood as merely verbal or as matters of metalinguistic negotiation or conceptual engineering; that there are inconsistent concepts, which can explain our engagement with some philosophical problems and paradoxes; and that relativism provides the best way understanding of our claims about matters of taste.

Definition and Dispute: A Defense of Temporal Externalism 1st Table of contents:

1. Introduction
1. Malcolm on Knowledge
2. First Main Theme: Conservatism about Practice
3. Semantics and Pragmatics
4. Second Main Theme: Meaning Sameness
5. Third Main Theme: Temporal Externalism
6. Jackman’s Temporal Externalism
7. Summary
Part 1. Conservatism about Practice and Meaning Sameness
2. Verbal Dispute and Metalinguistic Negotiation
1. Are Definitional Disputes about Words?
2. Verbal Dispute and Metalinguistic Negotiation: What Is at Issue?
3. Definitional Disputes Are Not Verbal: The Wrong Kinds of Reasons Argument
4. Definitional Disputes Are Not Metalinguistic Negotiations: The Argument Argument
5. Conclusion
3. Conceptual Engineering: Ambitious or Anodyne?
1. Cappelen’s Master Argument
2. Ramsey-Carnap-Lewis Metasemantics
3. The Appropriateness of Meaning to Theory
4. RCL and TE
5. Are There Cases of Ambitious Conceptual Engineering?
6. Conclusion
4. Why Are Paradoxes Hard? On the Explanatory Inefficacy of Inconsistent Concepts
1. Truth and Inconsistent Concepts
2. Responses and Alternatives
3. Towards an Explanation of Hardness
4. Conclusion
Part II. Temporal Externalism
5. Definition: What and When
1. Definitions: Beginning or End?
2. The Puzzle
3. Hobbes’s Advice: Evaluation
4. Burge on Normative Meaning-Giving Characterisations
5. Conclusion
6. Stipulation Reconsidered: Temporal Externalism
1. Stipulation Reconsidered
2. Covert Implicit Definition
3. Distinguishing Two Roles
4. The Argument from Charity
5. The Metasemantic Desiderata
6. Analyticity
7. Conclusion
Appendix A: A Case Study
1. Constraints on an Account of the Dispute
2. Analysis of the Dispute
7. The Metaphysics and Epistemology of Backwards Determination
1. Can the Future Determine the Past?
2. The Metaphysics of Time
3. Can the Future Explain the Past?
4. Self-Knowledge and Disquotation
5. Vagueness, Persistence, and Meaning Change
6. Conclusion
8. Contextualism, Relativism, and Metasemantics
1. A Formal Framework
2. Some Metasemantic Questions
3. Debating Gradable Adjectives
4. Conclusion
9. Temporal Externalism, Context Sensitivity, and Matters of Taste
1. Three Desiderata
2. Lewis on Accommodation
3. Temporal Externalist Meta-Contextualism_ Beyond Lewis
4. The Metasemantics of Predicates of Taste
5. Conclusion: The Explanatory Role of Metasemantics
10. Temporal Externalism: Choice Points

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Tags: Definition, Dispute, A Defense, Temporal Externalism, Derek Ball