Fifty Years of Evolution in Biological Research Progress and Decline 1st edition by Jacques Balthazart 1394236626 9781394236626

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ISBN-10 :  1394236626 

ISBN-13 : 9781394236626

Author : Jacques Balthazart 

Research in biology and all basic sciences has undergone profound transformations in recent decades. We have seen the development of extremely sophisticated techniques, allowing us to study, in an objective manner, questions that were still considered science fiction at the end of the 20th century. All of this has allowed us to develop an in-depth knowledge of vast subjects, such as the biology of the brain, for example.

Fifty Years of Evolution in Biological Research presents a panorama of these different technical advances. However, at the same time, there has been an increase in the number of constraints on researchers, a monetization of research and a correlative pressure to continually publish in more prestigious journals. This has resulted in a certain degradation of the quality of research activity. This book analyzes this evolution and proposes solutions.

Fifty Years of Evolution in Biological Research: Progress and Decline 1st Table of contents:

1 The Evolution of Techniques
1.1. Hormone assays
1.2. Techniques for the identification of steroid hormone action sites in the brain
1.3. Molecular biology and sequencing techniques
1.4. Controlled modification of gene expression
1.5. Techniques for temporarily modifying the activity of neurons
1.6. The rise of the computer and the personal computer
1.7. Appearance and development of the Internet
2 The Profound Modification of Research Conditions
2.1. The evolution of research funding
2.2. The current funding situation: multiple sources of grants that are difficult to control
2.3. Ever-increasing constraints
3 The Computer and its Consequences in Terms of Work
3.1. Changing the flow of scientific information
3.2. Scientific information management in laboratories
3.3. Data processing and preparation of scientific publications
4 The Development of Publishing Giants and Open Access
4.1. The evolution of publishing houses
4.2. Open access: advantages and disadvantages
4.3. Unexpected consequence of open access: predatory journals
4.4. Reactions
5 The Invention of Journal Impact Factors
5.1. The development of bibliometrics
5.2. Disadvantages and limitations
5.3. Use for the evaluation of researchers
6 The Race to Publish and the Inadequate Methods of Evaluating Researchers
6.1. Increasingly abundant publications
6.2. Evaluation of researchers and grant applications
7 The Consequences: An Overall Deterioration of Research Quality
7.1. The “bad”, not very rigorous, science
7.2. Scientific fraud
8 The Scientific Community’s Fight Against these Aberrations
8.1. Peer review
8.2. Post-publication criticism by the entire scientific community
8.3. Withdrawal of erroneous or fraudulent items
9 Essential Modifications
9.1. The publication process and peer review
9.2. Pre-registration of studies
9.3. The reward system
10 The Loss of Confidence in Science and the Return of the Irrational
10.1. A disaffection for science
10.2. The development of irrational beliefs
10.3. Social networks, fake news, post-truth and alternative truths
11 The Solution(s)
11.1. Popularizing research results by researchers themselves
11.2. Develop critical thinking skills
11.3. Expanding an understanding of basic statistics to the general public
11.4. Controlling misinformation using social networks

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Tags: Fifty Years, Evolution, Biological Research, Progress, Decline, Jacques Balthazart