Making Sense of Old Testament Genocide: Christian Interpretations of Herem Passages 1st edition by Christian Hofreiter 0192539019 9780192539014

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ISBN-10 : 0192539019  

ISBN-13 : 9780192539014

Author : Christian Hofreiter 

The divine commands to annihilate the seven nations living in Canaan (to ‘devote them to destruction’, herem in Biblical Hebrew) are perhaps the most morally troubling texts of the Hebrew and Christian bibles. Making Sense of Old Testament Genocide: Christian Interpretations of Herem Passages addreses the challenges these texts pose. It presents the various ways in which interpreters from the first century to the twenty-first have attempted to make sense of them. The most troubling approach was no doubt to read them as divine sanction and inspiration for violence and war: the analysis of the use of herem texts in the crusades, the inquisition, and various colonial conquests illustrates this violent way of reading the texts, which has such alarming contemporary relevance. Three additional approaches can also be traced to antiquity, viz. pre-critical, non-literal, and divine-command-theory readings. Finally, critics of Christianity from antiquity via the Enlightenment to today have referenced herem texts: their critical voices are included as well. Christian Hofreiter combines a presentation of a wide range of historical sources with careful analysis that scrutinizes the arguments made and locates the texts in their wider contexts. Influential contributions of such well-known figures as Augustine, Origen, Gregory the Great, Thomas Aquinas, and John Calvin are included, as well as those of critics such as Marcion, Celsus and Matthew Tindal, and less widely known texts such as crusading histories, songs and sermons, colonial conquest accounts, and inquisition manuals. The book thus sheds new light on the ways in which these texts have shaped the thoughts and actions of their readers through the centuries, and offers pertinent insights into how readers might be able to make sense of them today.

Making Sense of Old Testament Genocide: Christian Interpretations of Herem Passages 1st Table of contents:

1. Introduction
Genocidal Texts in the Old Testament
The Theological and Hermeneutical Challenge
The Method: Reception History
Recent Reception-Historical Treatments of herem and Related Texts
The Structure of the Present Work
2. Pre-Critical Readings
Reception within the HB, OT, and Apocrypha
Reception within the New Testament
Philo
The Epistle of Barnabas
Justin Martyr
3. Dissenting Readings
The God of the Jewish Scriptures Is Not Good: Marcion and the Marcionites
The Jewish Scriptures Are Partly True, Partly False
The Entire Bible Is Not Holy: Pagan Critics
4. Figurative Readings
Origen
Prudentius
John Cassian
Gregory the Great
Isidore of Seville
Glossa ordinaria
Berthold of Regensburg
5. Divine Command Theory Readings
Augustine
Other Early Church Examples
Thomas Aquinas
John Calvin
6. Violent Readings
Christianity and War: The Beginnings
The Crusades of the Middle Ages
The Medieval Inquisition
The Spanish Conquest of the New World (1492–1600)
‘Christian Holy War’ in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
7. Reading Herem from the Dawn of the Enlightenment until Today
Uncritical Readings
Dissenting Readings
Divine Command Theory Readings
Accommodation and Progressive Revelation
Figurative Readings
Reading herem in Light of Historical Criticism
Violent Readings
8. Summary and Conclusion
Bibliography
General Index
Index of Biblical References

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