(Ebook PDF) Master Handbook of Acoustics 7th Edition by F. Alton Everest, Ken C. Pohlmann – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 9781260473605, 1260473600
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ISBN 10: 1260473600
ISBN 13: 9781260473605
Author: F. Alton Everest, Ken C. Pohlmann
Table of contents:
Introduction
1. Fundamentals of Sound
-
Simple Harmonic Motion and the Sine Wave
-
Sound in Media
-
Particle Motion
-
Propagation of Sound
-
Speed of Sound
-
Wavelength and Frequency
-
Complex Waveforms
-
Harmonics
-
Phase
-
Partials
-
Octaves
-
Spectrum
-
Key Points
2. Sound Levels and the Decibel
-
Ratios versus Differences
-
Expressing Numbers
-
Logarithms
-
Decibels
-
Reference Levels
-
Logarithmic and Exponential Forms Compared
-
Acoustic Power
-
Using Decibels
-
Measuring Sound-Pressure Level
-
Sine-Wave Measurements
-
Electrical, Mechanical, and Acoustical Analogs
-
Key Points
3. Sound in the Free Field
-
The Free Field
-
Sound Divergence
-
Sound Intensity in the Free Field
-
Sound Pressure in the Free Field
-
Free-Field Sound Divergence
-
Sound Fields in Enclosed Spaces
-
Hemispherical Field and Propagation
-
Key Points
4. The Perception of Sound
-
Sensitivity of the Ear
-
Ear Anatomy
-
The Outer Ear—Pinna
-
A Demonstration of Directional Cues
-
The Outer Ear—Auditory Canal
-
The Middle Ear
-
The Inner Ear
-
Stereocilia
-
-
Loudness versus Frequency
-
Loudness Control
-
Area of Audibility
-
Loudness versus Sound-Pressure Level
-
Loudness and Bandwidth
-
Loudness of Impulses
-
Audibility of Loudness Changes
-
-
Pitch versus Frequency
-
An Experiment in Pitch
-
The Missing Fundamental
-
-
Timbre versus Spectrum
-
Localization of Sound Sources
-
Binaural Localization
-
Law of the First Wavefront
-
The Franssen Effect
-
The Precedence (Haas) Effect
-
-
Perception of Reflected Sound
-
The Cocktail-Party Effect
-
Aural Nonlinearity
-
Subjective versus Objective Evaluation
-
Occupational and Recreational Hearing Loss
-
-
Key Points
5. Signals, Speech, Music, and Noise
-
Sound Spectrograph
-
Speech
-
Vocal Tract Molding of Speech
-
Formation of Voiced Sounds
-
Formation of Unvoiced Sounds
-
Frequency Response of Speech
-
Directionality of Speech
-
-
Music
-
String Instruments
-
Wind Instruments
-
Nonharmonic Overtones
-
Dynamic Range of Speech and Music
-
Power in Speech and Music
-
Frequency Range of Speech and Music
-
Auditory Area of Speech and Music
-
-
Noise
-
Noise Measurements
-
Random Noise
-
White and Pink Noise
-
Signal Distortion
-
Harmonic Distortion
-
Resonance
-
Audio Filters
-
-
Key Points
6. Reflection
-
Specular Reflections
-
Flutter Echoes
-
Doubling of Pressure at Reflection
-
Reflections from Convex Surfaces
-
Reflections from Concave Surfaces
-
Reflections from Parabolic Surfaces
-
Whispering Galleries
-
Standing Waves
-
Corner Reflectors
-
Mean Free Path
-
Perception of Sound Reflections
-
The Effect of Single Reflections
-
Perception of Spaciousness, Images, and Echoes
-
Effect of Angle of Incidence, Signal Type, and Spectrum on Audibility of Reflection
-
-
Key Points
7. Diffraction
-
Diffraction and Wavefront Propagation
-
Diffraction and Wavelength
-
Diffraction by Obstacles
-
Diffraction by Apertures
-
Diffraction by a Slit
-
Diffraction by a Zone Plate
-
-
Diffraction around the Human Head
-
Diffraction by Loudspeaker Cabinet Edges
-
Diffraction by Various Objects
-
Key Points
8. Refraction
-
The Nature of Refraction
-
Refraction in Solids
-
Refraction in the Atmosphere
-
Refraction in Enclosed Spaces
-
Refraction in the Ocean
-
Key Points
9. Diffusion
-
The Perfectly Diffuse Sound Field
-
Evaluating Diffusion in a Room
-
Steady-State Measurements
-
Decay Beats
-
Exponential Decay
-
-
Spatial Uniformity of Reverberation Time
-
Geometrical Irregularities
-
Absorbent in Patches
-
Concave Surfaces
-
Convex Surfaces: The Polycylindrical Diffuser
-
Plane Surfaces
-
-
Key Points
10. Comb-Filter Effects
-
Comb Filters
-
Superposition of Sound
-
Tonal Signals and Comb Filters
-
Comb Filtering of Music and Speech Signals
-
Comb Filtering of Direct and Reflected Sound
-
Comb Filters and Critical Bands
-
Comb Filters in Multichannel Playback
-
Controlling Comb Filtering
-
Reflections and Spaciousness
-
Comb Filters in Microphone Placement
-
-
Comb-Filter Effects in Practice: Six Examples
-
Estimating Comb-Filter Response
-
Key Points
11. Reverberation
-
Growth of Sound in a Room
-
Decay of Sound in a Room
-
Idealized Growth and Decay of Sound
-
Calculating Reverberation Time
-
Sabine Equation
-
Eyring-Norris Equation
-
Air Absorption
-
-
Measuring Reverberation Time
-
Impulse Sources
-
Steady-State Sources
-
Measuring Equipment
-
Measurement Procedure
-
-
Reverberation and Normal Modes
-
Analysis of Decay Traces
-
Mode Decay Variations
-
Frequency Effect
-
Reverberation Characteristic
-
Reverberation Time Variation with Position
-
-
Decay Rate and the Reverberant Field
-
Acoustically Coupled Spaces
-
Electroacoustically Coupled Spaces
-
Eliminating Decay Fluctuations
-
Influence of Reverberation on Speech
-
Influence of Reverberation on Music
-
Optimum Reverberation Time
-
Bass Rise of Reverberation Time
-
Initial Time-Delay Gap
-
Listening Room Reverberation Time
-
Artificial Reverberation
-
Examples of Reverberation Time Calculations
-
Key Points
12. Absorption
-
Dissipation of Sound Energy
-
Absorption Coefficients
-
Reverberation Chamber Method
-
Impedance Tube Method
-
Tone-Burst Method
-
-
Mounting of Absorbents
-
Mid/High-Frequency Absorption by Porosity
-
Glass-Fiber Low-Density Materials
-
Glass-Fiber High-Density Boards
-
Glass-Fiber Acoustical Tile
-
-
Effect of Thickness of Absorbent
-
Effect of Airspace behind Absorbent
-
Effect of Density of Absorbent
-
Open-Cell Foams
-
Drapes as Sound Absorbers
-
Carpet as Sound Absorber
-
Effect of Carpet Type on Absorbance
-
Effect of Carpet Underlay on Absorbance
-
Carpet Absorption Coefficients
-
-
Sound Absorption by People
-
Sound Absorption in Air
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Panel (Diaphragmatic) Absorbers
-
Polycylindrical Absorbers
-
Polycylindrical Absorber Construction
-
-
Bass Traps: Low-Frequency Absorption by Resonance
-
Helmholtz (Volume) Resonators
-
Perforated Panel Absorbers
-
Slat Absorbers
-
Placement of Materials
-
Reverberation Time of Helmholtz Resonators
-
Reducing Room Modes with Absorbers
-
Increasing Reverberation Time
-
Absorption Module Design
-
Key Points
13. Modal Resonances
-
Early Experiments and Examples
-
Resonance in a Pipe
-
Indoor Reflections
-
Two-Wall Resonance
-
Frequency Regions
-
Room-Mode Equation
-
Mode Calculations—An Example
-
Experimental Verification
-
Mode Decay
-
Mode Bandwidth
-
Mode Pressure Plots
-
Mode Density
-
Mode Spacing and Timbral Defects
-
Audibility of Timbral Defects
-
Optimal Room Proportions
-
Bonello Criterion
-
Splaying Room Surfaces
-
Nonrectangular Rooms
-
Controlling Problem Modes
-
Simplified Axial-Mode Analysis
-
Key Points
14. Schroeder Diffusers
-
Experimentation
-
Reflection Phase-Grating Diffusers
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Quadratic Residue Diffusers
-
Primitive Root Diffusers
-
Performance of Diffraction-Grating Diffusers
-
Reflection Phase-Grating Diffuser Applications
-
Flutter Echo
-
Application of Fractals
-
Diffusion in Three Dimensions
-
Diffusing Concrete Blocks
-
Measuring Diffusion Efficiency
-
Comparison of Gratings with Conventional Approaches
-
Key Points
15. Adjustable Acoustics
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Draperies
-
Portable Absorptive Panels
-
Hinged Panels
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Louvered Panels
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Absorptive/Diffusive Adjustable Panels
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Variable Resonant Devices
-
Rotating Elements
-
Modular Low-Frequency Absorptive Devices
-
Key Points
16. Sound Isolation and Site Selection
-
Propagation through Barriers
-
Approaches to Noise Control
-
Airborne Noise
-
Transmission Loss
-
Effect of Mass and Frequency
-
Coincidence Effect
-
Separation of Mass
-
Porous Materials
-
Sound Transmission Class
-
-
Structureborne Noise
-
Noise Transmitted by Diaphragmatic Action
-
Noise and Room Resonances
-
-
-
Site Selection
-
The Noise Survey
-
Assessment of Environmental Noise
-
Measurement and Testing Standards
-
Recommended Practices
-
-
Noise Measurements and Construction
-
Floor Plan Considerations
-
Designing within a Frame Structure
-
Designing within a Concrete Structure
-
Key Points
17. Sound Isolation: Walls, Floors, and Ceilings
-
Walls as Effective Noise Barriers
-
The Role of Porous Absorbers
-
The Mass Law and Wall Design
-
Separation of Mass in Wall Design
-
Wall Design Summary
-
Improving an Existing Wall
-
Flanking Sound
-
Gypsum Board Walls as Sound Barriers
-
Masonry Walls as Sound Barriers
-
Weak Links
-
Summary of Wall STC Ratings
-
Floating Floors
-
Floating Walls and Ceilings
-
Resilient Hangers
-
Floor/Ceiling Construction
-
Case Study of Footfall Noise
-
Floor/Ceiling Structures and Their IIC Performance
-
Floor/Ceilings in Frame Buildings
-
Floor Attenuation with Concrete Layers
-
Plywood Web versus Solid Wood Joists
-
Key Points
18. Sound Isolation: Windows and Doors
-
Single-Pane Windows
-
Double-Pane Windows
-
Acoustical Holes in Glass: Mass-Air-Mass Resonance
-
Acoustical Holes in Glass: Coincidence Resonance
-
Acoustical Holes in Glass: Standing Waves in the Cavity
-
Glass Mass and Spacing
-
Dissimilar Panes
-
Laminated Glass
-
Plastic Panes
-
Slanting the Glass
-
Third Pane
-
Cavity Absorbent
-
Thermal Glass
-
Example of an Optimized Double-Pane Window
-
Construction of an Observation Window
-
Proprietary Observation Windows
-
Sound-Isolating Doors
-
Sound Locks
-
Composite Partitions
-
Key Points
19. Noise Control in Ventilating Systems
-
Selection of Noise Criteria
-
Fan Noise
-
Machinery Noise and Vibration
-
Air Velocity
-
Natural Attenuation
-
Duct Lining
-
Plenum Silencers
-
Proprietary Attenuators
-
Reactive Silencers
-
Tuned Silencers
-
Duct Location
-
ASHRAE
-
Active Noise Control
-
Key Points
20. Acoustics of Listening Rooms and Home Theaters
-
Playback Criteria
-
Planning the Playback Room
-
Acoustical Treatment of Playback Rooms
-
Peculiarities of Small-Room Acoustics
-
Room Size and Proportion
-
Reverberation Time
-
Low-Frequency Considerations
-
Modal Anomalies
-
Control of Modal Resonances
-
Bass Traps for Playback Rooms
-
Mid/High-Frequency Considerations
-
Identification and Treatment of Reflection Points
-
Lateral Reflections and Control of Spaciousness
-
Loudspeaker Placement
-
Listening Room Plan
-
Home-Theater Plan
-
Controlling Early Reflections
-
Other Treatment Details
-
Key Points
21. Acoustics of Home Studios
-
Home Acoustics: Modes
-
Home Acoustics: Reverberation
-
Home Acoustics: Noise Control
-
Home Studio Budget
-
Home Studio Treatment
-
Home Studio Plan
-
Recording in the Home Studio
-
Garage Studio
-
Key Points
22. Acoustics of Small Recording Studios
-
Ambient Noise Requirements
-
Acoustical Characteristics of Small Studios
-
Direct and Indirect Sound
-
Role of Room Treatment
-
Room Modes and Room Volume
-
Mode Analysis for Different Room Sizes
-
Reverberation Time
-
Reverberation in Small Rooms
-
Optimal Reverberation Time
-
Diffusion
-
Noise
-
Small Studio Design Example
-
Absorption Design Goal
-
Proposed Room Treatment
-
Key Points
23. Acoustics of Large Recording Studios
-
Design Criteria of a Large Studio
-
Floor Plan
-
Wall Sections
-
Section D-D
-
Section E-E
-
Sections F-F and G-G
-
-
Studio Treatment
-
Drum Booth
-
Vocal Booth
-
Sound-Lock Corridor
-
-
Reverberation Time
-
Key Points
24. Acoustics of Control Rooms
-
Initial Time-Delay Gap
-
Live End–Dead End
-
Specular Reflections versus Diffusion
-
Low-Frequency Resonances in Control Rooms
-
Initial Time-Delay Gaps in Practice
-
Loudspeaker Placement, Reflection Paths, and Near-Field Monitoring
-
The Reflection-Free-Zone Control Room
-
Control-Room Frequency Range
-
Outer Shell and Inner Shell of the Control Room
-
Design Criteria of a Control Room
-
Design Example 1: Control Room with Rectangular Walls
-
Design Example 2: Double-Shell Control Room with Splayed Walls
-
Design Example 3: Single-Shell Control Room with Splayed Walls
-
-
Key Points
25. Acoustics of Isolation Booths
-
Applications
-
Design Criteria
-
Isolation Requirements
-
The Small-Room Problem
-
Design Example 1: Traditional Isolation Booth
-
Axial Modes
-
Reverberation Time
-
-
Design Example 2: Isolation Booth with Cylindrical Traps
-
Acoustical Measurements
-
Reverberation Time
-
-
Design Example 3: Isolation Booth with Diffusers
-
Reverberation Time
-
-
Evaluation and Comparison
-
Live End–Dead End Isolation Booth
-
Key Points
26. Acoustics of Audiovisual Postproduction Rooms
-
Design Criteria
-
Design Example 1: Small Postproduction Room
-
Appraisal of Room Resonances
-
Proposed Treatment
-
-
Design Example 2: Large Postproduction Room
-
Appraisal of Room Resonances
-
Monitor Loudspeakers and Early Sound
-
Late Sound
-
Proposed Treatment
-
-
Workbench
-
Mixing Engineer’s Workstation
-
Video Display and Lighting
-
-
Key Points
27. Acoustics of Teleconference Rooms
-
Design Criteria
-
Shape and Size of the Room
-
Floor Plan
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