(Ebook PDF) Non Thermal Plasma Technology for Polymeric Materials Applications in Composites Nanostructured Materials and Biomedical Fields 1st edition by Sabu Thomas, Miran Mozetic, Uros Cvelbar, Petr Spatenka, Praveen 0128131535 9780128131534 full chapters

Non-Thermal Plasma Technology for Polymeric Materials: Applications in Composites, Nanostructured Materials, and Biomedical Fields 1st edition by Sabu Thomas, Miran Mozetic, Uros Cvelbar, Petr Spatenka, K.M. Praveen – Ebook PDF Instant Download/DeliveryISBN:  0128131535, 9780128131534 

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ISBN-10 :  0128131535

ISBN-13 :  9780128131534

Author : Sabu Thomas, Miran Mozetic, Uros Cvelbar, Petr Spatenka, K.M. Praveen

Non-Thermal Plasma Technology for Polymeric Materials: Applications in Composites, Nanostructured Materials and Biomedical Fields provides both an introduction and practical guide to plasma synthesis, modification and processing of polymers, their composites, nancomposites, blends, IPNs and gels. It examines the current state-of-the-art and new challenges in the field, including the use of plasma treatment to enhance adhesion, characterization techniques, and the environmental aspects of the process. Particular attention is paid to the effects on the final properties of composites and the characterization of fiber/polymer surface interactions.

Non-Thermal Plasma Technology for Polymeric Materials: Applications in Composites, Nanostructured Materials, and Biomedical Fields 1st Table of contents:

1 Relevance of Plasma Processing on Polymeric Materials and Interfaces
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Structure, Properties, and Applications of Polymers
1.3 Polymer Surfaces and Interfacial Problems
1.3.1 Surface Phenomena in Polymers
1.3.2 Adhesion Phenomena in Bonding of Polymers
1.4 Surface Modification Strategies in Polymer Multiphase Systems
1.5 Plasma Processing of Polymeric Materials
1.5.1 Ablation
1.5.2 Crosslinking
1.5.3 Functionalization (Activation)
1.6 Plasma Treatment on Specific Polymers
1.6.1 Engineering Polymers
1.6.2 Commodity Polymers
1.6.3 Biopolymers/Biodegradable Plastics
1.6.4 Engineered Composites
1.6.5 Fluoropolymers
1.7 Overview of Characterization Techniques for the Diagnosis of Plasma Processed Surfaces
1.7.1 Wettability Analysis
1.7.2 Water Absorption Studies
1.7.3 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
1.7.4 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
1.7.5 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
1.8 Conclusions
References
Further Reading
2 Introduction to Plasma and Plasma Diagnostics
2.1 Nonequilibrium State of Gas
2.2 Gaseous Plasma and Afterglow
2.3 Reactive Gaseous Species
2.3.1 Noble Gases
2.3.2 Oxygen
2.3.3 Hydrogen
2.3.4 Nitrogen and Ammonia
2.3.5 Fluorocarbon Gases
2.4 Basic Diagnostic Tools
2.4.1 Electrical Probes
2.4.2 Optical Emission Techniques
2.4.2.1 Optical Emission Spectroscopy
2.4.2.2 Stark Broadening
2.4.3 Optical Absorption Techniques
2.4.3.1 Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
2.4.3.2 Two-Photon Absorption Laser-Induced Fluorescence
2.4.4 Catalytic Probes
2.5 Conclusions
References
3 Plasma Assisted Polymer Synthesis and Processing
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Effect of Plasma on Fibers and Polymers
3.2.1 Plasma Finishing of Textiles
3.2.2 Plasma Systems for Laboratory and Industrial Scale Processing of Polymers and Fibers
3.2.3 Industrial Objectives of Plasma Systems
3.2.4 Cost Considerations
3.3 The Plasma Technology for the Polymer Industry
3.3.1 Plasmas—Effective Surface Engineering Tools
3.3.2 Power Requirement for Plasma Reactors
3.3.3 Low-Pressure Plasmas and Its Use
3.3.4 Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas
3.3.4.1 Corona Treatment Technique
3.3.5 Dielectric Barrier Discharge or Silent Discharge
3.3.6 Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge
3.3.7 Applications of Cold Plasmas
3.3.8 Plasma Technology for the Textile Fiber Industry
3.3.9 Plasma Polymerization
3.3.10 Fabrics
3.3.11 Fibers
3.3.12 Scale-up
3.3.13 Plasma Copolymerization
3.3.14 Plasma Technology: Limitations and Challenges in Polymer and Fiber Processing
3.4 Materials and Methods
3.4.1 Pressure Range
3.4.2 Plasma Reactors
3.5 Plasma Processing of Polymers
3.6 Plasma Deposition of Fluorocarbon Films
3.6.1 Deposition of Nanostructured Thin Films Using TFE Discharges
3.6.2 Deposition of Fluorocarbon Films by Modulated Glow Discharges
3.7 Ageing of Plasma-Treated Surfaces
3.8 Conclusions
3.9 Future Trends
References
Further Reading
4 Plasma Assisted Polymer Modifications
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Plasma Treatment
4.2.1 Plasma Cleaning
4.2.2 Plasma Etching
4.2.3 Plasma Functionalization
4.2.3.1 Functionalization With Oxygen-Containing Groups
4.2.3.2 Functionalization With Nitrogen-Containing Groups
4.2.3.3 Functionalization With Fluorine-Containing Groups
4.2.4 Plasma Surface Activation and Grafting
4.2.5 Plasma Polymerization
4.3 Plasma-Polymer Interactions
4.4 Influence of the Type of Polymer
4.5 Plasma Sources
4.6 Ageing of Plasma-Modified Polymers
4.7 Applications of Plasma-Modified Polymers
4.8 Conclusion
References
5 Plasma-Induced Polymeric Coatings
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Plasma-Induced Polymerization Versus Plasma Polymerization
5.3 Mechanism of Polymer Formation
5.4 Factors That Influence Polymer Formation
5.4.1 Reactor Geometry
5.4.2 Power Supply
5.4.2.1 Discharge Power
5.4.2.2 Frequency
5.4.3 Flow Rate
5.4.4 System Pressure
5.5 Rate of Polymerization
5.6 Materials for Polymerization
5.6.1 Hydrocarbons
5.6.2 Nitrogen-Containing Compounds
5.6.3 Fluorine/Oxygen-Containing Compounds
5.6.4 Silicon-Containing Compounds
5.7 Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Coatings
5.7.1 Nanomaterial/Polymer Film
5.7.2 Processing Technique for Polymer Nanocomposite Matrices
5.7.3 Metal/Metal Oxide Embedded Plasma Polymer
5.8 Polymer Super-Hard Coatings
5.9 Conclusions
References
6 Application of Plasma in Printed Surfaces and Print Quality
6.1 Application of Plasma in Printed Surfaces
6.2 Nonthermal Plasma for Printed Plastics
6.3 Mechanism of Plasma Treatment
6.3.1 Polymer Ablation
6.3.2 Grafting of New Species on Polymer Surfaces
6.4 Effects of Plasma on Polymer Surface and Their Impact on Printability
6.4.1 Changes of Contact Angle
6.4.2 Changes of Surface Free Energy Values
6.4.3 Chemical Changes of Top Polymer Layer
6.4.4 Changes of Surface Topography
6.4.5 Changes in the Surface Crosslinking
6.4.6 Surface Cleaning
6.5 Influence of Plasma Parameters on Wettability and Printability
6.5.1 Gas Composition
6.5.2 Pressure
6.5.3 Exposure Time
6.6 The Aging Process of Plasma Treatment
6.7 Concluding Remarks
References
Further Reading
7 Plasma Treatment of Powders and Fibers
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Particles Formation in Plasma
7.3 Plasma Treatment of Powders
7.3.1 Theoretical Background
7.3.2 Plasma Grafting on Particles
7.3.3 Encapsulation
7.4 Plasma Treatment of Fibers
7.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
8 Plasma Treatment of Polymeric Membranes
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Plasma Treatment of biological membranes
8.3 Membrane fouling
8.3.1 Improve Membrane Antibiofouling Properties
8.4 Membranes surface functionalization
8.5 Membranes exposure to nonpolymerized plasma gases
8.6 Conclusions
References
9 Selective Plasma Etching of Polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Selectivity of Plasma Etching: Origin and Influential Factors
9.2.1 Crystallinity Properties of the Polymer Material
9.2.2 Structural Features of the Polymer
9.2.2.1 Effect of the Aliphatic and Aromatic Moieties on the Polymer Backbone
9.2.2.2 Effect of Various Functional Groups on the Polymer Backbone
9.2.3 Plasma Properties
9.3 Applications of Selective Plasma Etching
9.3.1 Surface Nanostructuring of Polymer Materials
9.3.2 Reducing the Dimensionality of Carbon Allotropes
9.3.3 Applications in Biology and Medicine
9.3.4 Tuning the Surface Wettability
9.3.5 Fabrication of Materials for Extreme Environments
9.4 Conclusions
References
10 Wettability Analysis and Water Absorption Studies of Plasma Activated Polymeric Materials
10.1 Polymer Materials: A Real Need in the Modern World
10.2 Contact Angle Measurement and Its Importance on Polymer Studies: Surface Free Energy and Measur
10.2.1 Drop Shape Analysis
10.2.2 The Wilhelmy Plate Method
10.2.3 Washburn Sorption Method
10.2.4 Top-View Distance Method
10.3 On the Correlation of Plasma Treatment in Surface Wettability Modification
10.3.1 Plasma Surface Modification
10.3.2 Hydrophilicity
10.3.3 Hydrophobicity
10.3.4 Polymer Printability
10.4 Wettability and Its Role on Plasma Treatment for Medical Applications
10.5 Other Approaches to Assess Wettability and Surface Energy
10.6 Future Prospects and Conclusions
References
11 Microscopic Analysis of Plasma-Activated Polymeric Materials
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Plasma Activation of Polymers
11.3 Microscopic Analysis
11.3.1 Optical Microscopy
11.3.2 Atomic Force Microscopy
11.3.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy
11.3.4 Transmission Electron Microscopy of Plasma Activated and Plasma Treated Polymeric Materials
11.4 Conclusion
References
12 Spectroscopic and Mass Spectrometry Analyses of Plasma-Activated Polymeric Materials
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Spectroscopic Analysis
12.2.1 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
12.2.2 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
12.2.3 Raman Spectroscopy
12.3 Mass Spectrometry Analysis
12.3.1 Traditional Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
12.3.2 Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
12.3.3 Static Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry (Static SIMS)
12.4 Conclusion
References
Further Reading
13 Plasma Treatment of High-Performance Fibrous Materials
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Interaction Between a Plasma and High-Performance Fibrous Materials
13.2.1 Plasma Treatment of Glass Fibers
13.2.2 Plasma Treatment of Aramid Fibers
13.2.3 Plasma Treatment of Carbon Fibers
13.2.4 Plasma Treatment of Polyethylene Fibers
13.2.5 Plasma Treatment of the Poly(p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole) Fibrous Polymer
13.3 Conclusions
References
14 Plasma Modified Polymeric Materials for Implant Applications
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Polymers for Implants
14.2.1 Polymer Properties
14.2.1.1 Biocompatibility
14.2.1.2 Biodegradability
14.2.1.3 Chemical Composition
14.2.1.4 Other Surface Properties
14.2.2 Polymer Materials
14.3 Modification of the Polymer Surfaces
14.3.1 Surface Modification
14.3.1.1 Dielectric Barrier Discharge
14.3.1.2 Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet
14.3.2 Coating Deposition
14.3.2.1 Magnetron Sputtering
14.3.2.2 High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering
14.3.3 Ion Implantation
14.3.3.1 Ion Beam Implantation
14.3.3.2 Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation
14.3.3.3 Cluster Ion Beam Implantation
14.4 Plasma-Modified Polymer Implants
14.4.1 Temporary In Vivo Applications
14.4.2 General Surgical Implants
14.4.3 Orthopedic and Spinal Implants
14.4.4 Vascular and Cardio-Vascular Intervention
14.4.5 Ophthalmology
14.4.6 Dental Implants
14.5 Conclusion
Acronyms
References
15 Plasma Modified Polymeric Materials for Biosensors/Biodevice Applications
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Need for Surface Modification of Polymers
15.3 Overview of Plasma Polymer Surface Modification
15.4 Strategies for Plasma Surface Modification of Polymer in Biomedical Application
15.4.1 Influence of Plasma Treatment Parameters
15.5 Application as Bio-Interface in Biosensor and Biomedical Device
15.5.1 Biosensor
15.5.1.1 Electrochemical Biosensor
15.5.1.2 Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor
15.5.1.3 Immunosensor
15.5.1.4 Aptamer Sensors
15.5.1.5 DNA Sensor
15.5.2 Biodevice
15.5.2.1 Implants
15.6 Conclusion
15.7 Future Trends
Acknowledgment
References
16 Plasma Modified Polymeric Materials for Scaffolding of Bone Tissue Engineering
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Polymeric Materials for Scaffold Fabrication
16.3 Scaffold Design and Fabrication
16.4 Plasma-Surface Modification of Biomaterials
16.5 Wet-Spun Scaffolds
16.6 Scaffold Functionalization to Support a Tissue Biocompatibility
16.7 Scaffolds for Bone Repair
16.8 Impact of Nonthermal Plasma Surface Modification on Porous Calcium Hydroxyapatite Ceramics for
16.9 Recent Advances in Biomedical Applications of Scaffolds in Wound Healing and Dermal Tissue Engi
16.10 3D Printed Scaffolds
16.11 Plasma Treatment of Polymers
16.11.1 Plasma Implantation
16.12 Plasma-Treated Polymeric Scaffolds
16.13 Future Directions

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Non Thermal,Plasma Technology,Polymeric Materials,Applications,Composites,Nanostructured Materials,Biomedical Fields,Sabu Thomas,Miran Mozetic,Uros Cvelbar,Petr Spatenka,Praveen