Vascular Medicine A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease 3rd Edition by Mark Creager, Joshua Beckman, Joseph Loscalzo 0323636020 9780323636025

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ISBN-10 :  0323636020 

ISBN-13 : 9780323636025

Author : Mark Creager, Joshua A. Beckman, Joseph Loscalzo 

Vascular Medicine: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease

Vascular Medicine: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease 3rd Table of contents:

Part I: Biology of Blood Vessels
1: Vascular Embryology and Angiogenesis
Abstract
Tunica intima: endothelium
Tunica media: smooth muscle and extracellular matrix
Tunica adventitia
Summary
2: The Endothelium
Abstract
Homeostatic functions of the endothelium
Endothelial heterogeneity
Endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease
Functional assessment of the endothelium
Conclusions
3: Vascular Smooth Muscle
Abstract
Origins of vascular smooth muscle cells during embryonic development
Vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation
Influence of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions
Phenotype-specific vascular smooth muscle cell functions
Inflammation and inflammation-related processes
Senescence and aging
Conclusions
4: Normal Mechanisms of Vascular Hemostasis
Abstract
Endothelial function and platelet activation
The coagulation cascade leading to fibrin formation
Fibrinolysis
Summary
5: Vascular Pharmacology
Abstract
The pharmacological framework of drug action
Therapeutic intervention and the endothelium
Therapeutic intervention and the autonomic vascular innervation
Therapeutic intervention and the vascular media
Part II: Pathobiology of Blood Vessels
6: Pathobiology of Atherosclerosis
Abstract
Risk factors for atherosclerosis: traditional, emerging, and on the rise
The diversity of atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis: a systemic disease
7: Pathobiology of Aortic Aneurysms
Abstract
Degradation of the medial extracellular matrix
Smooth muscle dysregulation
Inflammation and oxidative stress
Biomechanical stress
Risk factors and genetics of aortic aneurysms
Epigenetics/micrornas in aortic aneurysms
Conclusion
8: Pathobiology of Thrombosis
Abstract
Overview of thrombosis
Platelets, thrombosis, and vascular disease
Inflammation and thrombosis
9: Pathobiology and Assessment of Cardiovascular Fibrosis
ABSTRACT
Overview of collagen
Collagen structure, properties, and relevance to human biology
Regulation of collagen synthesis
Regulation of collagen metabolism
Fibrosis in clinical cardiovascular disease
Myocardial fibrosis in specific cardiovascular conditions
Biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis
Targeting myocardial fibrosis
Vascular fibrosis in systemic hypertension
Vascular fibrosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Conclusions
10: Pathobiology of Vasculitis
Abstract
Large-vessel vasculitis
Small-vessel vasculitis
Medium-vessel vasculitis
Summary
Part III: Principles of Vascular Examination
11: The History and Physical Examination
Abstract
Vascular history
Vascular examination
12: Vascular Laboratory Testing
Abstract
Limb pressure measurement and pulse volume recordings
Transcutaneous oximetry
Physical principles of ultrasonography
Carotid duplex ultrasound
Abdominal aorta evaluation
Renal artery duplex ultrasonography
Peripheral arterial ultrasonography
Pseudoaneurysm
Arteriovenous fistulae
Venous duplex ultrasound
Plethysmographic evaluation of venous reflux
Vascular laboratory accreditation
13: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Basic principles
Magnetic resonance angiography techniques
14: Computed Tomographic Angiography
Abstract
Fundamentals of computed tomography imaging
Radiation exposure and radiation dose reduction
Emerging technologies in computed tomography
Artifacts and pitfalls of computed tomographic angiography
Clinical applications of computed tomographic angiography in vascular disease
15: Catheter-Based Peripheral Angiography
Abstract
Imaging equipment
Radiographic contrast
Imaging technique
Obtaining vascular access
Complications of peripheral vascular angiography
Part IV: Peripheral Artery Disease
16: The Epidemiology of Peripheral Artery Disease
Abstract
Symptoms and measures of peripheral artery disease in epidemiology
Incidence and prevalence of peripheral artery disease
Peripheral artery disease risk factors
Interaction and risk factor comparisons
Progression of peripheral artery disease
Co-prevalence of peripheral artery disease and other atherosclerotic disease
Peripheral artery disease as a predictor of mortality and morbidity
17: Pathophysiology of Peripheral Artery Disease
Abstract
Clinical expressions of peripheral artery disease
Hemodynamics in peripheral artery disease
Contributors to limb symptoms in peripheral artery disease: beyond arterial stenosis
Altered skeletal muscle structure and function in peripheral artery disease
Summary
18: Peripheral Artery Disease: Clinical Evaluation
Abstract
Patient history
Critical limb ischemia
Physical examination
Diagnostic testing
Summary
19: Medical Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease
Abstract
Interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk and adverse limb events
Interventions to improve symptoms and function
Summary and conclusion
20: Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease
Abstract
Patient and lesion selection criteria
Technical and procedural considerations
Clinical outcomes
Conclusions
21: Reconstructive Surgery for Peripheral Artery Disease
Abstract
Aortoiliac occlusive disease
Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease
Part V: Renal Artery Disease
22: Pathophysiology of Renal Artery Disease
Abstract
Epidemiology of renal artery disease
Pathophysiologic consequences of renovascular disease
Renal artery disease and mortality
23: Clinical Evaluation of Renal Artery Disease
Abstract
Consequences of renal artery stenosis
Physical examination
Diagnosis of renovascular disease
24: Treatment of Renal Artery Disease
Abstract
Critical functions of the kidney
Medical therapy for renal artery disease
Fibromuscular dysplasia
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Treatment of unusual causes of renal artery stenosis
Treatment of renal artery aneurysms
Surgical management of atherosclerotic renal artery disease
Part VI: Mesenteric Vascular Disease
25: Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Mesenteric Vascular Disease
Abstract
Acute arterial occlusive mesenteric ischemia
Mesenteric artery dissection
Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia
Mesenteric venous thrombosis
Chronic mesenteric ischemia
26: Clinical Evaluation and Treatment of Mesenteric Vascular Disease
Abstract
Chronic mesenteric ischemia
Acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia
Acute nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia
Mesenteric venous thrombosis
Part VII: Vasculogenic Erectile Dysfunction
27: Vasculogenic Erectile Dysfunction
Abstract
Definition and classifications
Epidemiology
Public health and clinical implications
Functional anatomy
Pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction
Evaluation of erectile dysfunction
Treatment
Longitudnal psychological outcomes
Guidelines
Part VIII: Cerebrovascular Ischemia
28: Epidemiology of Cerebrovascular Disease
Abstract
Overview
Stroke risk factors: demographic factors
Stroke risk factors: lifestyle
Medically treatable risk factors
Other risk factors
Awareness of Stroke Warning Signs and Acute Treatment
The future
29: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis of Cerebrovascular Disease
Abstract
Overview of clinical stroke
Clinical manifestations of stroke and cerebrovascular disease
Clinical assessment tools
Conclusions
30: Prevention and Treatment of Stroke
Abstract
Prehospital and emergency department management of ischemic stroke
Acute stroke therapy
Secondary prevention of ischemic stroke
Primary prevention of ischemic stroke
31: Carotid Artery Revascularization
Abstract
Indications for Carotid Revascularization
Preoperative Management
Carotid Endarterectomy
Carotid Artery Stenting
Postoperative Management
Outcomes for Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Artery Stenting
Transcervical Carotid Stenting with Flow Reversal
Management of Postcarotid Endarterectomy Stenosis
Part IX: Aortic Dissection
32: Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Medical Management of Aortic Dissection
Abstract
Epidemiology
Classification
Pathogenesis
Predisposing Genetic Factors
Acquired Disorders
Clinical Presentation
Laboratory Testing
Diagnostic Imaging
Differential Diagnosis
Initial Medical Treatment (Fig. 32.9)
Indications For Intervention (Box 32.5)
Prognosis
Long-Term Surveillance
33: Surgical Therapy for Aortic Dissection
Abstract
Type a Aortic Dissection
Acute Type B Aortic Dissection
Chronic Type B Aortic Dissection
Future Therapies
34: Endovascular Therapy for Aortic Dissection
Abstract
Branch Vessel Interventions
Aortic Interventions
Part X: Aortic Aneurysm
35: Epidemiology and Prognosis of Aortic Aneurysms
Abstract
The Normal Aorta
Definition Of Aortic Aneurysm
Epidemiology And Prognosis Of Aortic Aneurysms
Inherited and Developmental Disorders
Other Conditions Associated with Aortic Aneurysm
36: Clinical Evaluation of Aortic Aneurysms
Abstract
Clinical history
Physical examination
Screening of aortic aneurysms
Surveillance of aortic aneurysms
Diagnostic testing
37: Surgical Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Abstract
Definition
Decision-Making for elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Rupture risk
Expansion rate
Elective operative risk
Life expectancy
Surgical decision-Making
Preoperative assessment
Surgical treatment
Complications of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Functional outcome
Long-Term survival
38: Endovascular Therapy for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Abstract
Indications
Anatomic requirements
Endograft design
Graft placement and postoperative management
Problems with endografting and management
Outcomes
Other considerations
Summary
Part XI: Vasculitis
39: Overview of Vasculitis
Abstract
Classification of vasculitis
Large-vessel vasculitis
Medium-vessel vasculitis
Small-vessel vasculitis
VARIABLE-VESSEL VASCULITIS
Evaluation and diagnosis of possible vasculitis
Treatment of vasculitis
40: Large Vessel Vasculitis
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Takayasu arteritis
Giant cell arteritis
Isolated idiopathic aortitis
41: Medium and Small Vessel Vasculitis
Abstract
Medium vessel vasculitis
Small vessel vasculitis
Pauci-immune small vessel vasculitis
Immune complex mediated small vessel vasculitis
42: Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)
Abstract
Epidemiology
Etiology and pathogenesis
Pathology
Clinical presentation
Differential diagnosis
Diagnosis
Prognosis
Management
Future perspectives
43: Kawasaki Disease
Abstract
Epidemiology
Etiology and pathogenesis
Pathology
Clinical presentation
Cardiac manifestations
Cardiac testing
Clinical course
Treatment
Coronary revascularization for late stenosis
Preventive cardiology
Summary
Part XII: Acute Limb Ischemia
44: Acute Arterial Occlusion
Abstract
Epidemiology of acute limb ischemia
Etiology of acute limb ischemia
Pathophysiology of acute limb ischemia
Diagnosis of acute limb ischemia
Treatment of acute limb ischemia
45: Atheroembolism
Abstract
Pathobiology
Etiology
Atheroembolic syndromes
General treatment measures for atheroembolic disease prevention
Conclusions
Part XIII: Vasospasm and Other Related Vascular Diseases
46: Raynaud Phenomenon
Abstract
Overview of primary raynaud phenomenon
Pathophysiology
Secondary Causes of Raynaud Phenomenon
Diagnostic tests
Treatment
47: Acrocyanosis
Abstract
Epidemiology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnosis
Histopathology
Differential diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
48: Erythromelalgia
Abstract
Definition and historical perspective
Nomenclature
Criteria for diagnosis
Clinical controversies
Clinical presentation
Diagnosis
Classification
Incidence
Pathophysiology
Differential diagnosis
Investigations
Natural History and Prognosis
Management
49: Pernio (Chilblains)
Abstract
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Histopathology
Clinical features
Diagnosis
Treatment
Part XIV: Venous Thromboembolic Disease
50: Epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolic Disease
Abstract
Incidence and clinical relevance of venous thromboembolism
Secular trends in incidence of venous thromboembolism
Risk factors for venous thromboembolism
Classification of venous thromboembolism
Incidental venous thromboembolism
Conclusion
51: Clinical Evaluation of Venous Thromboembolism
Abstract
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Diagnosis in Pregnancy
Risk Stratification
Adjunctive Clinical Evaluation for Etiology of Venous Thromboembolism
52: Management of Venous Thromboembolism
Abstract
Pathophysiology and Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism
Anticoagulation
Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism and Optimal Duration of Anticoagulation
Advanced Management of Venous Thromboembolism: When Anticoagulation Alone May Not or Will Not Suffice
Strategies for Managing Acute Venous Thromboembolism
The Multitude of Challenges in Managing Venous Thrombosis
A Look Into the Future
Part XV: Chronic Venous Disorders
53: Varicose Veins
Abstract
Epidemiology
Anatomy
Pathogenesis
Clinical manifestations
Physical examination
Imaging and physiological testing
Management
Management of incompetent perforator veins
Management of telangiectasia/reticular veins
Follow-up and prognosis
54: Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Abstract
Anatomy
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Conclusions
Part XVI: Pulmonary Hypertension
55: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Abstract
Definition and classification of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Epidemiology
Cellular pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Molecular pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Clinical pathophysiology
Treatment
Conclusions
56: Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Nonpulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Abstract
Overview of pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary venous hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension under conditions of hypoxemia
Pulmonary hypertension secondary to pulmonary thromboembolic disease
Pulmonary hypertension and hemoglobinopathies
Other secondary causes of pulmonary hypertension
Part XVII: Lymphatic Disorders
57: Diseases of the Lymphatic Circulation
Abstract
Anatomy of the lymphatic circulation
Physiology of the lymphatic circulation
Lymphatic insufficiency (Lymphedema)
Diseases of the lymphatic vasculature
Part XVIII: Miscellaneous
58: Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Abstract
Historical perspective
Classification
Epidemiology
Genetics and etiology
Clinical presentation and vascular manifestations
Diagnostic evaluation of fibromuscular dysplasia
Imaging studies for diagnosis of fibromuscular dysplasia
Management of fibromuscular dysplasia
Endovascular therapy for fibromuscular dysplasia
Surgery for fibromuscular dysplasia
Follow-up and prognosis
59: Vascular Infections
Abstract
Primary arterial infections
Secondary arterial infections
Diagnostic Tests to Aid the Diagnosis of Arterial Infections
Management of Primary and Secondary Arterial Infections
Suppurative thrombophlebitis
Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis
Conclusions
60: Dermatological Manifestations of Vascular Disease
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease
Vasomotor diseases
Acrocyanosis
Erythromelalgia
Pernio/chilblains disease
Livedo reticularis
Hybrid vasomotor disease
Chronic venous insufficiency
Lymphedema
61: Lower Extremity Ulceration
Abstract
Biomechanics of walking and ulcer formation
Pathophysiology of ulcer formation
Assessment of the patient with a lower extremity ulcer
Management of ulcers
Summary
62: Vascular Trauma
Abstract
Initial evaluation
Types of vessel injury
Mechanism: Penetrating vs. Blunt trauma
Signs of vascular injury
Neck vascular trauma
Specific NECK VASCULAR injuries
Thoracic vascular trauma
Specific THORACIC VASCULAR injuries
Abdominal vascular trauma
Specific ABDOMINAL VASCULAR injuries
Extremity vascular trauma
Specific EXTREMITY VASCULAR injuries
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Compartment Syndrome
Iatrogenic Vascular Injury
Pediatric Vascular Trauma
63: Vascular Compression Syndromes
Abstract
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Axillary artery compression syndrome
Median arcuate ligament syndrome
Nutcracker syndrome
May-thurner syndrome
Popliteal entrapment syndrome
Cystic adventitial disease
64: Peripheral Vascular Anomalies, Malformations, and Vascular Tumors
Abstract
Proliferative vascular anomalies and tumors
Vascular malformations
Syndromic vascular anomalies
Treatment of vascular malformations (also see Table 64.3)
Prenatal diagnosis of vascular anomalies
Clinical issues (see also Table 64.4)

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